![]() PPD is more prevalent in males than females. ![]() The suspicion is chronic and creates a difficulty in establishing and maintaining interpersonal relationships. ![]() This often causes others to avoid individuals with PPD, which reinforces their mistrust. chronic suspicion about others’ motives.Paranoid personality disorder (PPD) is characterized by a: Because the symptoms of cluster-A personality disorders resemble symptoms of schizophrenia, researchers believe these disorders may be genetically related to schizophrenia. The behavior of people with a cluster-A personality disorder is described as odd or eccentric. The personality disorders in cluster A consist of paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder. *subsumed into “personality disorder–trait specified” in the alternative model Cluster C: Avoidant, Dependent*, Obsessive-Compulsive.Cluster B: Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic*, Narcissistic.Cluster A: Paranoid*, Schizoid*, Schizotypal.A and B are not considered normal for the individual's sociocultural context or stage of development A and B cannot be solely attributed to the effects of substance use, physical injuries, or other medical conditions A and B are not better explained by another mental disorderį. A and B are stable across time, starting no later than adolescence or early adulthoodĮ. Impairments in personality functioning (A) and expression of personality traits (B) are inflexible and pervasive across a wide range of personal and social situationsĭ. One or more pathological personality traits (domains: negative affectivity vs. Moderate to severe impairment in self (identity, self-direction) and interpersonal (empathy, intimacy) functioningī. A is not due to direct physiological effects of a substance or general medical conditionĪ. A is not better accounted for as manifestation or consequence of another mental disorderį. A is stable and of long duration, with an onset that can be traced back at least to adolescence or early adulthoodĮ. A leads to clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioningĭ. Enduring pattern (A) is inflexible and pervasive across a broad range of personal and social situationsĬ. affectivity (range, intensity, lability, and appropriateness of emotional response)ī.cognition (ways of perceiving and interpreting self, other people, and events).An enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior deviating markedly from expectations of individual’s culture, manifested in two or more of the following areas: DSM-5 General Criteria for Personality DisordersĪ.
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